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Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus 1 Contains Glycosylated Capsid Proteins, a Cellular Chromatin Protein, and Host-Derived Lipids
Quemin, E.R. J.; Pietilä, M.K.; Oksanen, H.M.; Forterre, P.; Rijpstra, W.I.C.; Schouten, S.; Bamford, D,H,; Prangishvili, D.; Krupovica, M. (2015). Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus 1 Contains Glycosylated Capsid Proteins, a Cellular Chromatin Protein, and Host-Derived Lipids. J. Virol. 89(22): 11681-11691. dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02270-15
In: Journal of Virology. American Society for Microbiology: Washington DC. ISSN 0022-538x; e-ISSN 1098-5514, meer
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Quemin, E.R. J.
  • Pietilä, M.K.
  • Oksanen, H.M.
  • Forterre, P.
  • Rijpstra, W.I.C., meer
  • Schouten, S., meer
  • Bamford, D,H,
  • Prangishvili, D.
  • Krupovica, M.
Abstract
    Geothermal and hypersaline environments are rich in virus-like particles, among which spindle-shaped morphotypes dominate.Currently, viruses with spindle- or lemon-shaped virions are exclusive to Archaea and belong to two distinct viral families. Thelarger of the two families, the Fuselloviridae, comprises tail-less, spindle-shaped viruses, which infect hosts from phylogeneticallydistant archaeal lineages. Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 (SSV1) is the best known member of the family and was one ofthe first hyperthermophilic archaeal viruses to be isolated. SSV1 is an attractive model for understanding virus-host interactionsin Archaea; however, the constituents and architecture of SSV1 particles remain only partially characterized. Here, we have conductedan extensive biochemical characterization of highly purified SSV1 virions and identified four virus-encoded structuralproteins, VP1 to VP4, as well as one DNA-binding protein of cellular origin. The virion proteins VP1, VP3, and VP4 undergoposttranslational modification by glycosylation, seemingly at multiple sites. VP1 is also proteolytically processed. In addition tothe viral DNA-binding protein VP2, we show that viral particles contain the Sulfolobus solfataricus chromatin protein Sso7d.Finally, we provide evidence indicating that SSV1 virions contain glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids, resolvinga long-standing debate on the presence of lipids within SSV1 virions. A comparison of the contents of lipids isolatedfrom the virus and its host cell suggests that GDGTs are acquired by the virus in a selective manner from the host cytoplasmicmembrane, likely during progeny egress.
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